Essay on tight gas resources all over the world |International Systems

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Essay on tight gas resources all over the world

This essay will be discussing the  tight gas as an important hydrocarbon resource in the global energy mix today and in the future period also. It focuses on the estimates of technically recoverable resources (TRR) of tight gas around the world. The natural gas plays a very important role in the hydrocarbon value chain and represents 21% in the global primary energy mix in 2013. It is expected to rise to 22% in 2020 and 24% in 2040  as per the World Energy Council (WEC) report. Currently there are  UN projects in the world’s population are likely to grow from the current 7.6 billion to reach 8.6 billion in 2030 and 9.8 billion in 2050. The British Petroleum has estimated the global primary energy demand to increase by 30% in 2035 and natural gas to grow by 1.6% p.a. between 2015 and 2035 . The tight gas is the natural gas which is contained in the low-permeability sandstone and carbonate reservoirs rocks. The tight gas sandstones are “natural extensions of conventional sandstone reservoirs”.  The advance extraction technologies such as hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling are used to  develop tight gas to produce at an economic rate. These are the  known resources which are found in the USA, Canada, Russia, UK and China  with resources of about 210 T-cm, concentrated mainly in North America, Latin America and Asia-pacific regions.. However, this appears to be largely speculative estimate of tight oil.

Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources Exploitation And DevelopmentThe International Energy Agency shows the reports of a recoverable estimate at 76 T-cm and the  detailed mean estimate of the remaining TRR of tight gas by utilizing data from a variety of sources. The estimates of the remaining technically recoverable resources of tight gas which have sum of 54.2 T-cm. This is more realistic as it encompasses estimates from more regions compared to other sources.

The United States spearheaded the production of tight gas and is currently the world’s largest producer of tight gas. In the year 2012, tight gas represents 26% of the total US natural gas production. In the recent study which shows that production from tight gas production will be the second-largest contributor to natural gas growth, accounting for about 20% of total U.S. production by 2040. The Gas Technology Institute (GTI) has the estimates the TRR of tight gas from known US tight gas accumulations at about 5Tcm.

In Canada, tight gas production has contributed somewhat to offset of the declining conventional production. In 2014, tight gas accounted for 47% of total Canadian natural gas production (National Resources Canada, 2016 cited in: National Energy Board (NEB), 2015) . The China’s has tight gas resources which are mainly distributed in five basins: Ordos, Sichuan, Tarim, Songliao and Bohai Gulf basins. The tight gas production is becoming increasingly significant as the country shifts from a dominant coal-based energy to cleaner sources of energy. The reports that as production from tight gas reservoirs reached 31Bcm in 2014 (25% of total gas production). In 2010, 16.9% of the 95 Bcm of gas production came from tight gas. It is  estimated a GIP range from 8.4 T-cm to 110 Tcm and a TRR range from 3.0 – 28 Tcm. At the  end, the US holds the largest of global TRR of tight gas, followed by China and Canada. Many other countries including Brazil, Algeria, Egypt, Australia and various European countries are also intensifying efforts to initiate development of tight gas reservoirs.

The potential endowment of tight gas is a good indicator that their efforts should prove fruitful in the long run.

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